The beauty game

Hamermesh and Biddle's 1994 paper on beauty and the labor market,has prompted a slow trickle of economic papers confirming the existence of a 'beauty premium'. The latest is by Michèle Belot, V. Bhaskar and Jeroen van de Ven. The paper, Is Beauty only Skin-deep? Disentangling the Beauty Premium on a Game Show (PDF), studied all 69 episodes of the Dutch game show Shafted, broadcast in 2002.

The game starts with five players, who accumulate earnings by answering quiz questions. At the end of each of four rounds, the player with the highest earnings in that round must choose one of the remaining players for elimination. (Unlike The Weakest Link, which involves majority voting and thus multiple equilibria). The authors is no found no objective reason to discriminate in favour of attractive players, either on the grounds of superior performance or because they are more cooperative. They conclude:

We find a substantial beauty premium and are able to disentangle contributing factors. Attractive players perform no differently than less attractive ones, on every dimension. They also exhibit and engender the same degree of cooperativeness. Nevertheless, attractive players are substantially less likely to be eliminated by their peers. Our results suggest a consumption value basis for the beauty premium.

However it's not really a 'beauty premium' - more like a penalty for the less attractive:

We find that the most attractive player is equally likely to be eliminated as the average-looking players. The least attractive player, on the other hand, is significantly more likely to be eliminated. The effect is substantial: The least attractive player is almost twice as likely to be eliminated at the end of the first round than any other player. ...Less attractive players are discriminated against, for reasons that are uncorrelated with their performance or behavior during the game.

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